IMPERIALISM
BRITISH NATIONAL IDENTITY |
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Imperialism & British national Identity Imperialism- American style |
Evolution of the British Empire
Antarctic Region
(territories south of 60°00')
Territory
Status (Year)
Event Ending Political Entity
Current Jurisdiction
British Antarctic Territory
British Antarctic Territory
- South Shetland
claimed (1819-1908)
South Shetland, British Antarctic Territory
"
dependency of Falkland Islands (1908-1962)
part of British Antarctic Territory
"
- South Orkney
claimed (1821-1908)
South Orkney, British Antarctic Territory
"
dependency of Falkland Islands (1908-1962)
part of British Antarctic Territory
"
- Graham Land
annexed (1832-1908)
Graham Land, British Antarctic Territory
"
dependency of Falkland Islands (1908-1962)
part of British Antarctic Territory
"
British Antarctic Territory
colony (1962-1983)
British Antarctic Territory
"
dependent territory (1983-2002)
"
"
overseas territory (2002-)
:±: !T! £GBP abc
"
Enderby Land
claimed (1930-1933)
transferred to Australia
Australian Antarctic Territory, Australia
Victoria Land
claimed (1841-1933)
"
"
Asia
Territory
Status (Year)
Event Ending Political Entity
Current Jurisdiction
Aden
colony subordinate to Bombay (1839-1873)
Yemen
"
protectorate (1873-1932)
"
"
province of British India (1932-1937)
"
"
crown colony (1937-1963)
part of protectorate of South Arabia
"
"
state (1963-1967)
independence
"
Afghanistan
protectorate (1839-1842; 1879-1919)
independence
Afghanistan
Bahrain
protectorate (1880-1961)
Bahrain
"
autonomy (1961-1971)
independent
"
Baluchistan
province (1877-1896)
Baluchistan/Tribal Areas, Pakistan
"
province of British India (1896-1947)
part of Pakistan
"
Bantam
station (1603-1609)
Bantam, Indonesia
"
factory (1609-1617)
"
"
presidency (1617-1621)
expelled by the Dutch
"
"
subordinated to Surat (1630-1634)
"
"
presidency (1634-1652)
"
"
subordinated to Surat (1652-1682)
expelled by the Dutch
"
Bencoolen
Bengkulu, Indonesia
Fort York
fort subordinated to Madras (1685-1760)
"
Bencoolen
presidency (1760-1785)
"
"
subordinated to Bengal (1785-1825)
part of Netherlands East Indies
"
Bengal
factories (1634-1658)
West Bengal, India; Bangladesh
"
subordinated to Madras (1658-1681)
"
"
agency (1681-1682)
"
"
presidency of Coromandel and Bengal Settlements (1682-1694)
"
"
subordinated to Madras (1694-1698)
"
"
presidency of Coromandel and Bengal Settlements (1698-1700)
"
"
presidency (1700-1774)
"
"
part of British India (1774-1854)
"
"
part of province of Bengal-Bihar-Orissa (1854-1905)
"
- West Bengal
province (1905-1912)
partition reserved
West Bengal/Bihar/Orissa/Jharkhand, India
- East Bengal
province (1905-1912)
partition reserved
Bangladesh
- Fort William
presidency (1912-1937)
West Bengal, India; Bangladesh
- Bengal
presidency (1937-1947)
divided between India and East Pakistan
"
Hong Kong
crown colony (1843-1941)
Japanese occupation
Hong Kong, China
"
crown colony (1945-1983)
"
"
dependent territory (1983-1997)
restored to China as a Special Administrative Region
"
- Hong Kong Island
annexed (1841-1843)
made crown colony
Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, China
- Kowloon, Stonecutters Island
part of Hong Kong (1860-1997)
restored to China as part of Hong Kong SAR
Kownloon/Stonecutters Island, Hong Kong, China
- New Territories
lease territory part of Hong Kong (1898-1997)
"
New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Pulo Condore Island/Con Dao
possession of British East India Company (1702-1705)
abandoned
Côn Đảo, Vietnam
Straits Settlements
possession under British East India Company (1826-1858)
Malacca/Penang, Malaysia; Singapore
"
subordinated to British India (1858-1867)
"
"
crown colony (1867-1942)
occupied by Japan
"
Surat
factory (1612-1658)
Surat, India
"
presidency (1658-1668)
"
"
possession under British East India Company (1668-1685)
"
"
subordinated to Bombay (1685-1703)
incorporated into Bombay
"
Syria
Syria; Palestine
- Palestine
occupation (1914-1918)
kingdom of Syria
"
- Syria
occupation (1941-1946)
independence
"
Transjordan
part of Palestine Mandate (1920-1921)
Jordan
"
mandate (1921-1923)
formally separated from Palestine
"
"
mandate (1923-1928)
emirate independent, except military and finance control
"
"
independence (1928-1946)
formal independence
"
Trucial States
protectorate (1892-1971)
formation of Federation of Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates
South Vietnam
occupation (1945-1946)
formation of Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina
"
Weihaiwei
leased (1898-1930)
returned to China
People's Republic of China
Atlantic
(islands in the Atlantic Ocean)
Territory
Status (Year)
Event Ending Political Entity
Current Jurisdiction
Bermuda
colony (1612-1684)
Bermuda
"
crown colony (1684-1968)
"
"
self-governing colony (1968-1983)
"
"
dependent territory (1983-2002)
"
"
overseas territory (2002-)
:±: !T! abc /\\/
"
Falkland Islands
Falkland Islands
- West Falkland
settlement (1766-1774)
withdrew settlement
"
- Falkland Islands
sovereignty claim (1774-1833)
re-occupation
"
"
crown colony (1841-1892)
"
"
colony (1892-1908)
"
"
colony (1908-1962)
South Shetland/South Orkney/Graham Land, British Antarctic Territory; Falkland Islands
"
colony (1962-1983)
Falkland Islands
"
dependent territory (1983-2002)
"
"
overseas territory (2002-)
:±: !T! £FKK abc /\\/
"
Iceland
occupation (1940-1944)
restored to Iceland
Iceland
St. Helena
claimed (1588-1673)
St. Helena
"
possession of British East India Company (1673-1815)
"
"
crown colony (1815-1821)
"
"
possession of British East India Company (1821-1834)
"
"
crown colony (1834-1983)
"
"
dependent territory (1983-2002)
"
"
overseas territory (2002-)
:±: !T! £SHP abc /\\/
"
- Ascension
possession (1815-1922)
Ascension, St. Helena
"
dependency of St. Helena (1922-)
"
- Tristan da Cunha
dependency of Cape Colony (1816-1938)
Tristan da Cunha, St. Helena
"
dependency of St. Helena (1938-)
"
South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands
claimed (1775-1908)
South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands
"
dependency of Falkland Islands (1908-1985)
"
"
dependent territory (1985-2002)
"
"
overseas territory (2002-)
:±: !T! £GBP abc
"
Europe
(continental Europe and offshore islands)
Territory
Status (Year)
Event Ending Political Entity
Current Jurisdiction
Alderney
lordship (1198-1204)
Alderney, Guernsey
"
fiefdom (1204; 1205; 1206-1279)
occupied by France
"
"
part of bailiwick of Guernsey (1279-1660)
granted seigneurie
"
"
seigneurie (1660-1825)
subordinated to Guernsey
"
Aquitaine
English rule (1199-1294; 1303-1324; 1360-1453)
conquered by France
Aquitaine, France
- Gascony
English rule (1152-1149; 1259-1294)
conquered by France
Gascony, France
Austria British Zone
occupation (1945-1955)
restored to Austria
Carinthia/Styria/eastTyrol, Austria
Berlin British Sector
sector (1945-1990)
German Reunification
Berlin, Germany
Brittany
duchy (1169-1206; 1206-1221)
French rule
Brittany, France
"
duchy (1429-1453)
restored to France
"
Calais
fort (1347-1558)
recaptured by France
Calais, France
Corsica
kingdom (1794-1796)
incorporation into France
Corsica, France
"
protectorate (1814)
returned to France
"
Cyprus
administration (1878-1914)
annexed
Cyprus;
crown colony (1925-1960)
Independence
- Akrotiri and Dhekelia
colonies (1960-1983)
Akrotiri and Dhekelia
"
dependent territory (1983-2002)
"
"
overseas territory (2002-)
:±:
"
Dodecanese
occupation (1945-1947)
restored to Greece
Dodecanese, Greece
Elba
garrison (1796-1797)
abandoned
Italy
Faroe Islands
occupation (1940-1945)
restored to Faroe Islands
Faroe Islands
Germany British Zone
occupation (1945-1955)
part of Federal Republic of Germany
Hamburg/Schleswig-Holstein/Lower Saxony/North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Gibraltar
occupation (1704-1713)
Gibraltar
"
garrison (1713-1830)
"
"
crown colony (1830-1983)
"
"
dependent territory (1983-2002)
"
"
overseas territory (2002-)
:±:
"
Guernsey; Brechou; Herm; Jethou; Sark
lordship (1198-1204)
Guernsey
"
fiefdom (1204-1205; 1206-1279)
"
"
bailiwick (1279-1940; 1945-)
!±!
"
Hanover
electorate (1714-1803)
Hanover, Germany
"
occupied by France (1803-1805)
"
"
occupied by Prussia (1805-1806)
annexed to Prussia
"
"
occupied by France (1806-1810)
"
"
part of Kingdom of Westphalia (1810-1813)
"
"
electorate (1813-1814)
"
"
kingdom (1814-1837)
end of personal union
"
Heligoland
occupation (1807-1814)
Heligoland, Germany
"
colony (1814-1890)
transferred to Germany
"
"
occupation (1945-1952)
restored to Germany
"
Ionian Islands
Ionian Islands, Greece
- Zante; Cephalonia; Ithaca; Cerigo
occupation (1809-1815)
established as United States of Ionian Islands
Zante/Cephalonia/Ithaca/Cerigo, Greece
- Lefkas
occupation (1810-1815)
"
Lefkas, Greece
- Paxos
occupation (1814-1815)
"
Paxos, Greece
Ionian Islands
protectorate federal republic (1815-1864)
incorporated into Greece
Ionian Islands, Greece
Ireland
lordship (1172-1541)
Ireland; Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
"
kingdom (1541-1801)
"
"
part of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801-1919)
independence declared
"
Irish Republic
republic (1919-1922)
not recognised
Ireland
Irish Free State
dominion (1922-1949)
independence
"
- Antrim; Armagh; Down; Fermanagh; Londonderry; Tyrone
part of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801-1922)
part of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
"
home rule (1974; 1998-2000; 2000-2002)
home rule suspended
:±:
"
Isle of Man
fiefdom under Scotland (1266-1290; 1313-1317; 1328-1333)
Isle of Man
"
fiefdom (1333-1504)
"
"
lordship (1504-1594)
"
"
direct crown rule (1594-1610)
"
"
lordship (1610-1649)
"
"
commonwealth and protectorate (1649-1660)
"
"
lordship (1660-1765)
"
"
possession (1765-1827)
"
"
crown dependency (1827-)
!±!
"
Italy
Italy
- Genoa
occupation (1800)
restored to Genoa
Genoa, Italy
"
administration (1814-1815)
annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont
"
Italy
occupation (1943-1947)
restored to Italy
Italy
Jersey
fiefdom subordinated to Guernsey (1204; 1204-1205; 1206-1279)
Jersey
Jersey
bailiwick subordinated to Guernsey (1279-1380; 1382-1461; 1468-1487)
"
- Minquiers
part of bailiwick of Jersey (1279-1851)
claimed by France
Minquiers, Jersey
"
part of bailiwick of Jersey (1953-)
"
- Ecréhous
part of bailiwick of Jersey (1279-1886)
claimed by France
Ecréhous, Jersey
"
part of bailiwick of Jersey (1953-)
"
Jersey
bailiwick (1487-1940; 1945- )
!±!
Jersey
Malta
occupation (1802-1814)
Malta
"
crown colony (1814-1921)
"
"
self-governing colony (1921-1933)
"
"
crown colony (1933-1947)
"
"
self-rule (1947-1958)
"
"
direct rule (1958-1961)
"
"
state (1961-1962)
"
"
self-rule (1961-1964)
independence C
"
Minorca
occupation (1708-1713)
ceded to Britain
Minorca, Spain
"
colony (1714-1756)
occupied by France
"
"
colony (1798-1802)
restored to Spain
"
Netherlands
Holland/Zeeland/Utrecht/Gelderland/Overijssel, Netherlands
- Holland; Zeeland; Utrecht
provinces of United Provinces (1672-1702)
end of office of Stadtholder
Holland/Zeeland/Utrecht, Netherlands
- Guelders; Overijssel
provinces of United Provinces (1675-1702)
"
Gelderland/Overijssel, Netherlands
Normandy
duchy (1066-1204; 1346-1360; 1415-1453)
restored to France
Normandy, France
Rhodes
occupation (1945-1947)
restored to Greece
Rhodes, Greece
Scotland
Scotland, United Kingdom
Scotia
kingdom (1174-1189)
fealty nullified
"
Scotland
kingdom (1291-1292; 1296-1307)
independence
"
"
kingdom (1603-1649)
end of personal union
"
"
kingdom (1649-1653)
"
"
part of The Commonwealth (1653-1660)
"
"
kingdom (1660-1707)
part of United Kingdom of Great Britain
"
"
home rule (1999-)
:±:
"
Vienna British Sector
sector (1945-1955)
restored to Austria
Vienna, Austria
Wales
English rule (1282-1284)
union with England
Wales, United Kingdom
"
principality (1284-1301)
subjected to heir of the English throne
"
"
principality (1301-1536)
annexed to England
"
"
home rule (1999-)
:±:
"
Indian Ocean
(islands in the Indian Ocean)
Territory
Status (Year)
Event Ending Political Entity
Current Jurisdiction
Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Australia
- Ashmore Island
annexed (1878-1931)
transferred to Australia
"
- Cartier Island
annexed (1909-1931)
"
"
British Indian Ocean Territory
British Indian Ocean Territory
"
occupation (1810-1814)
"
"
part of colony of Seychelles (1814-1903)
"
"
part of colony of Mauritius (1903-1965)
"
"
colony (1965-1976)
Aldabra/Farquhar/Des Roches, Seychelles; British Indian Ocean Territory
"
colony (1976-1983)
British Indian Ocean Territory
"
dependent territory (1983-2002)
"
"
overseas territory (2002-)
:±: !T! £GBP abc
"
Ceylon
subordinated to presidency of Madras (1795-1798)
Sri Lanka
"
colony (1798-1802)
"
"
crown colony (1802-1886)
"
"
crown colony (1886-1942)
Sri Lanka; Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Australia
"
crown colony (1942-1948)
independence C !T! /\\/
Sri Lanka
Christmas Island
annexed (1888-1889)
Christmas Island, Australia
"
leased (1889-1890)
"
"
dependency of colony of Straits Settlement (1900-1942)
Japanese occupation
"
"
military administration (1945-1946)
"
"
dependency of colony of Singapore (1946-1958)
"
"
crown colony (1958)
territory of Australia
"
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
settlement (1825; 1826-1831)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Australia
"
fiefdom (1831-1857)
"
"
crown colony (1857-1878)
"
"
part of Ceylon (1878-1886)
"
"
part of Straits Settlements (1886-1942)
"
"
part of Ceylon (1942-1946)
"
"
dependency of colony of Singapore (1946-1955)
territory of Australia
"
Heard Island and McDonald Islands
claimed (1833-1947)
transferred to Australian Antarctic Territory
Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Australia
Madagascar
occupation (1942-1946)
restored to France
Madagascar
Maldives
protectorate (1796-1953)
Maldives
"
republic (1953-1954)
sultantate restored
"
"
protectorate (1954-1965)
independence C !T! /\\/
"
- United Suvadivan Republic
republic (1959-1963)
restored to Maldives
"
Mauritius
colony (1810-1965)
Mauritius; Chagos Archipelago, British Indian Ocean Territory
"
colony (1965-1968)
independence C !T! abc /\\/
Mauritius
- Rodrigues
occupation (1809-1814)
Rodrigues, Mauritius
"
dependency of colony of Mauritius (1814-1968)
part of Mauritius
"
Réunion
occupation (1810-1815; 1942-1946)
restored to France
Réunion, France
Seychelles
occupation (1794-1810)
Seychelles
"
colony subordinated to Mauritius (1810-1814)
"
"
colony (1814-1903)
"
"
crown colony (1903-1970)
"
"
self-governing colony (1970-1975)
"
"
self-rule (1975-1976)
independence C !T! abc /\\/
"
- Aldabra; Farquhar; Des Roches
part of British Indian Ocean Territory (1965-1976)
part of Seychelles
Aldabra/Farquhar/Des Roches, Seychelles
Tranquebar
Andaman and Nicobar Islands/Nagapattinam, India
- Dansborg; Frederiksnagore
occupation (1801-1802; 1808-1815; 1845-)
part of British India
Nagapattinam, India
- Andaman Islands
possession part of British India (1789-1942)
occupied by Japan
Andaman Islands, India
- Nicobar Islands
part of British India (1848-1942)
occupied by Japan
Nicobar Islands, India
Oceania and the Pacific
(Australian continent and Pacific islands)
Territory
Status (Year)
Event Ending Political Entity
Current Jurisdiction
Australia
dominion (1901-1942)
ratified Statute of Westminster C :±:
Australia
Baker Island
claimed (1886-1934)
reclaimed by United States
Baker Island, United States
Bonin Islands
claimed (1827-1876)
annexed by Japan
Bonin Islands, Japan
British New Guinea
protectorate (1884-1886)
Papua New Guinea
New Guinea
colony (1886-1906)
transferred to Australia
"
British Solomon Islands
tripartite protectorate (1889-1893)
Solomon Islands
"
protectorate part of British Western Pacific Territories (1893-1942)
Japanese occupation
"
"
protectorate part of British Western Pacific Territories (1943-1971)
"
"
protectorate (1971-1973)
"
"
autonomy (1973-1975)
renamed
"
Solomon Islands
autonomy (1975-1976)
"
"
self-government (1976-1978)
independence C :±:
"
Cook Islands
protectorate (1888-1891)
Cook Islands, New Zealand
"
federation (1891-1900)
annexed by New Zealand
"
Fiji
colony (1874-1877)
Fiji
"
part of British Western Pacific Territories (1877-1952)
"
"
colony (1952-1970)
"
"
dominion (1970-1987)
independence C
"
Friendly Islands
tripartite protectorate (1889-1900)
Tonga
"
protectorate part of British Western Pacific Territories (1900-1952)
"
"
protectorate (1952-1970)
independence C
"
Gilbert and Ellice Islands
protectorate (1892-1916)
Tuvalu; Kiribati
"
crown colony part of British Western Pacific Territories (1916-1949)
Tuvalu; Kiribati; Tokelau, New Zealand
"
crown colony part of British Western Pacific Territories (1949-1975)
Tuvalu; Kiribati
- Gilbert Islands
crown colony part of British Western Pacific Territories (1975-1976)
Kiribati
"
colony (1976-1979)
independence C
"
- Ellice Islands
dependency part of British Western Pacific Territories (1975-1976)
Tuvalu
"
colony (1976-1978)
independence C :±:
"
Howland Island
claimed (1886-1935)
reclaimed by United States
Howland Island, United States
Jarvis Island
annexed (1889-1935)
reclaimed by United States
Jarvis Island, United States
Nauru
part of British Western Pacific Territories (1914-1920)
Nauru
"
League of Nations mandate part of British Western Pacific Territories (1920-1921)
"
"
League of Nations mandate (1921-1942)
Japanese occupation
"
"
mandate (1945-1947)
"
"
United Nation trust territory (1947-1968)
independence C
"
New Hebrides
protectorate (1824-1878)
Vanuatu
"
neutral territory (1878-1887)
"
"
joint naval commission (1887-1906)
"
"
condominium part of British Western Pacific Territories (1906-1976)
"
"
condominium (1976-1980)
independence C
"
New South Wales
colony (1788-1825)
New South Wales/Queensland/Tasmania/South Australia/Northern Territory/Victoria/Norfolk Island, Australia; New Zealand
"
colony (1825-1836)
New South Wales/Queensland/South Australia/Northern Territory/Victoria/Norfolk Island, Australia; New Zealand
"
colony (1836-1841)
New South Wales/Queensland/Northern Territory/Victoria/Norfolk Island, Australia; New Zealand
"
colony (1841-1844)
New South Wales/Queensland/Northern Territory/Victoria/Norfolk Island, Australia
"
colony (1844-1851)
New South Wales/Queensland/Northern Territory/Victoria, Australia
"
colony (1851-1859)
New South Wales/Queensland/Northern Territory, Australia
"
colony (1859-1863)
New South Wales/Northern Territory, Australia
"
colony (1863-1901)
state of Australia
New South Wales, Australia
- Lord Howe Island
claimed (1788-1834)
Lord Howe Island, Australia
"
settlement (1834-1855)
part of New South Wales
"
New Zealand
claimed (1769-1788)
New Zealand
"
part of New South Wales (1792-1835)
declared independence
"
"
protectorate (1835-1840)
"
"
possession part of New South Wales (1840-1841)
"
"
colony (1841-1907)
"
"
dominion (1907-1947)
ratified Statute of Westminster C :±:
"
Niue
tripartite protectorate (1889-1900)
Niue, New Zealand
"
protectorate part of British Western Pacific Territories (1900-1901)
annexed to New Zealand
Norfolk Island
settlement part of New South Wales (1788-1844)
Norfolk Island, Australia
"
part of colony of Van Diemen's Land (1844-1855)
"
"
part of colony of Tasmania (1855-1856)
"
"
subordinated to New South Wales (1856-1897)
dependency of New South Wales
"
Palmyra Atoll
annexed (1889-1898)
annexed by United States
Palmyra Atoll, United States
Pitcairn Islands
protectorate (1838-1887)
Pitcairn, Pitcairn Islands
"
colony (1887-1898)
"
"
part of British Western Pacific Territories (1898-1902)
"
"
part of British Western Pacific Territories (1902-1970)
Pitcairn/Sandy Island/Oeno/Henderson/Ducie, Pitcairn Islands
"
colony (1970-1983)
"
"
dependent territory (1983-2002)
"
"
overseas territory (2002-)
:±:
"
Queensland
part of colony of New South Wales (1824-1859)
Queensland, Australia
"
colony (1859-1901)
state of Australia
"
- Torres Strait Islands
part of colony of Queensland (1879-1901)
part of Queensland
"
- Coral Sea Islands
part of colony of Queensland (1879-1901)
"
Coral Sea Islands, Australia
Samoa
tripartite protectorate (1889-1900)
annexed by Germany
Samoa; Niue, New Zealand; Solomon Islands; American Samoa, United States
Sandwich Islands
protectorate (1794-1843)
independence
Hawaii, United States
South Australia
part of colony of New South Wales (1788-1836)
South Australia, Australia
"
province (1836-1863)
"
"
province (1863-1901)
state of Australia
South Australia/Northern Territory, Australia
Van Diemen's Land
part of New South Wales (1803-1825)
Tasmania, Australia
"
colony (1825-1844)
"
"
colony (1844-1855)
renamed
Norfolk Island/Tasmania, Australia
Tasmania
colony (1855-1856)
"
"
colony (1856-1901)
state of Australia
Tasmania, Australia
- Macquarie Island
part of colony of New South Wales (1810-1890)
Macquarie Island, Australia
"
part of colony of Tasmania (1890-1901)
part of Tasmania
"
Tokelau
protectorate (1889-1898)
Tokelau, New Zealand
"
protectorate part of British Western Pacific Territories (1898-1916)
"
"
part of colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands (1916-1949)
transferred to New Zealand
"
Victoria
part of colony of New South Wales (1839-1851)
state of Australia
Victoria, Australia
"
colony (1851-1901)
state of Australia
Victoria, Australia
Western Australia
- King George Sound
settlement (1791-1829)
transferred from New South Wales
Western Australia, Australia
- Swan River
colony (1829-1832)
renamed
"
Western Australia
colony (1832-1901)
state of Australia
"
Treaties and Acts
Year
Act or Treaty
Year Ratified
Territorial Effect
1536
Laws in Wales Acts 1535-1542
Wales annexed
1707
Act of Union 1707
Scotland and England united under British crown
1713
Treaty of Utrecht
Spain ceded Gibraltar to Britain in perpetuity
1729
Treaty of Seville
cession of Gibraltar confirmed, neutral zone established
1731
Treaty of Vienna
cession of Gibraltar confirmed
1756
Treaty of Aquisgran
cession of Gibraltar confirmed
1763
(First) Treaty of Paris
cession of Gibraltar confirmed
1783
Treaty of Versailles
cession of Gibraltar confirmed
1800
Act of Union 1800
Ireland united under British crown
1814
(First) Anglo-Dutch Treaty
1814
(Third) Treaty of Paris
France ceded Seychelles to Britain
1840
Treaty of Waitangi
made New Zealand a colony
1922
Anglo-Irish Treaty
independence of the Irish Free State
1931
Statute of Westminster
1931; 1942; 1947
Canada, Australia, New Zealand accepted full sovereignty respectively
1981
British Nationality Act 1981
1983
Colony status renamed as DependentTerritory
1984
Sino-British Joint Declaration
1985
sovereignty of Hong Kong to be returned to the People's Republic of China in 1997
2002
British Overseas Territories Act
DependentTerritory status renamed as OverseasTerritory
SEE ALSO: Dependency- Theory | Permanent war economy | Capitalism | Monopoly | Trade Bloc | competition | Origins of the War of 1812 | Supremacism | White Supremacy | Imperialism-The highest stage of capitalism | Imperialism in Asia | Iraq war | Background to the Vietnam War | American-Phillipine War | US-UK covert Military assistance to China| Ultra-Imperialism
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