European Colonial Powers

 

African colonies listed by colonizing power

Belgium

Congo Free State and Belgian Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo)

France

Algeria
Tunisia
Morocco
French West Africa
Mauritania
Senegal
French Sudan (now Mali)
Guinea
Côte d'Ivoire
Niger
Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso)
Dahomey (now Benin).
French Equatorial Africa
Gabon
Middle Congo (now the Republic of the Congo)
Oubangi-Chari (now the Central African Republic)
Chad
French Somaliland (now Djibouti)
Madagascar
Comoros

Germany

German Kamerun
German East Africa (now Burundi, Rwanda, and Tanzania)
German South-West Africa (now Namibia)
German Togoland

Italy

Italian North Africa (now Libya)
Eritrea
Italian Somaliland (now Somalia)

Portugal

Angola
Portuguese Cabinda
Portuguese East Africa (now Mozambique)
Portuguese Guinea (now Guinea-Bissau)
Cape Verde Islands
São Tomé and Príncipe

Spain

Spanish Sahara (now Western Sahara, composed of:)
Río de Oro
Saguia el-Hamra
Spanish Morocco
Ceuta
Melilla
Tarfaya Strip
Ifni
Rio Muni (now part of Equatorial Guinea)

United Kingdom

The British were primarily interested in maintaining secure communication lines to India, which led to initial interest in Egypt and South Africa. Once these two areas were secure, it was the intent of British colonialists such as Cecil Rhodes to establish a Cape-Cairo railway.
Egypt
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (now Sudan)
British East Africa
Kenya
Uganda
British Somaliland
Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe)
Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia)
Bechuanaland (now Botswana)
Orange Free State
British South Africa
The Gambia
Sierra Leone
Nigeria
British Gold Coast (now Ghana)
Nyasaland (now Malawi)

Independent states

Liberia, founded by the United States' American Colonization Society in 1847
Ethiopia (Abyssinia), had its borders re-drawn with Italian Eritrea and French Somaliland (modern Djibouti), briefly occupied by Italy from 1936-41 during World War II's Abyssinia Crisis

 

 

 

 

 

SEE ALSO:	British Colonisation of the Americas | Crown Colnies  | Decolonisation | Divide and Conquer | Cash Crop | European Colonial Powers
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